What is silicon?

As a manufacturer of crystalline silicon powder, today Xiaobian is going to talk about what silicon is.

Silicon is widely distributed in nature, with 16.7% atomic content in the earth's crust. It is a basic element of rocks and minerals, and appears as quartz sand and silicate. The content of silicon in the crust is more than that of oxygen. If carbon is the basis of all organic life, then silicon occupies the same position for the crust, because the main part of the crust is composed of siliceous rock layers. Almost all of these rocks are composed of silica and various silicates. Feldspar, mica, clay, olivine, hornblende and so on are silicate; crystal, agate, Jasper, opal, quartz, sand and flint and so on are silica.

As a kind of material component, silicon is widely used in our life. High purity monocrystalline silicon is an important semiconductor material. P-type silicon semiconductors are formed by doping a small amount of group IIIA elements into monocrystalline silicon. The widely used diodes, triodes, thyristors, field effect transistors and various integrated circuits (including chips and CPUs in people's computers) are all made of silicon.

In addition, there are cermets, important materials for space navigation. Ceramics and metal are mixed and sintered to make cermet composite material. It has high temperature resistance, high toughness and can be cut. It not only inherits the advantages of metals and ceramics, but also makes up for their congenital defects. It can be used in the manufacture of military weapons. For example, the space shuttle "Columbia" can withstand the high temperature generated by friction when it travels through dense atmosphere at high speed, thanks to its shell made of 31000 silicon tiles.

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